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DIABETES FACTS

DIABETES MANAGEMENT IN CANADA 

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The Canadian Diabetes Association publishes clinical practice guidelines.
The Canadian Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes in Canada are published once every 5 years (most recently in 2008), and represent the best and most current evidence-based clinical practice data for healthcare professionals. A committee of expert volunteers assesses the available international peer-reviewed literature on diabetes to write and update the guidelines. Topics include:
  • Definition, classification and diagnosis of diabetes
  • Screening for diabetes
  • Prevention of diabetes
  • Management of diabetes
  • Organization of care
  • Self-management education
  • Targets for glycemic control
  • Monitoring glycemic control
  • Physical activity
  • Nutrition therapy
  • Insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes
  • Pharmacologic management of type 2 diabetes
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Hyperglycemic emergencies
  • In-hospital management of diabetes
  • Psychological aspects of diabetes
  • Influenza and pneumococcal immunization
  • Complementary and alternative medicine
  • Complications of diabetes:
  • Identification of individuals at high risk of coronary events
  • Screening for coronary artery disease
  • Vascular protection in people with diabetes
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Treatment of hypertension
  • Management of acute coronary syndromes
  • Treatment of heart failure
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Retinopathy
  • Neuropathy
  • Foot care
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Diabetes in children and adolescents
  • Diabetes in special populations
  • Pregnancy
  • The elderly
  • Aboriginal peoples
  • High-risk ethnic populations
The full guidelines document can be viewed here: http://www.diabetes.ca/files/cpg2008/cpg-2008.pdf
Accessed June 15, 2011.

Further information about the guidelines can be viewed here: http://www.diabetes.ca/for-professionals/resources/2008-cpg/
Accessed June 15, 2011.
The goal of diabetes treatment is to minimize the risk of complications by aiming for guideline-recommended blood glucose, blood pressure and lipid targets. Significant proportions of patients with type 2 diabetes are not meeting these targets.
Studies of Canadian patients with type 2 diabetes in the primary care setting demonstrated:
  • 47% to 49% were above blood glucose target of an A1C <7.0% (1,2)
  • 46% were above the blood pressure target of 130/80 mm Hg (2)
  • 36% were above the LDL-C target of 2.5 mmol/L (2003 CDA guideline-recommended target. In the 2008 CDA guidelines, this target was lowered to 2.0 mmol/L. Had this target been applied, 63% would have been above target) (2)
  • Only 21% achieved all three key targets (1)
Sources:
  • Braga MFB, Casanova A, Teoh, et al, on behalf of the Diabetes Registry to Improve Vascular Events (DRIVE) Investigators. Treatment gaps in the management of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Can J Cardiol. 2010;26(6):297-302.
  • Harris SB, Ekoé J-M, Zdanowicz Y, Webster-Bogaert S. Glycemic control and morbidity in the Canadian primary care setting (results of the diabetes in Canada evaluation study). Diabetes Res Clin Prac. 2005;70(1):90-07.

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Diabetes:
Did You Know…?

These facts paint a picture of the impact of diabetes on our health, healthcare system and economy.


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