FOR PEOPLE WITH DIABETES
DIABETES TARGETS
Blood glucose
- Blood glucose is the amount of glucose in your blood at a given time. Your fasting blood glucose (before eating a meal) and post-meal blood glucose (two hours after eating a meal) should be in the ranges noted below.
- Fasting blood glucose: 4.0 to 7.0 mmol/L
- Post-meal blood glucose: 5.0 to 10.0 mmol/L
(5.0 mmol/L to 8.0 mmol/L if your A1C target is not being met)
A1C
- A1C is a laboratory test that determines your blood glucose levels over the past three months.
- Your A1C should be 7.0% or lower
Blood pressure
- Blood pressure is a measure of how hard blood is pressing against artery walls. Blood pressure is recorded as two numbers: the top number is called systolic pressure and the bottom number is called diastolic pressure.
- Your blood pressure should be 130/80 mm Hg or lower
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol
- LDL cholesterol is known as the "bad cholesterol." When there is too much LDL cholesterol in the blood, it builds up on the inside of the blood vessel walls, making it more difficult for blood to flow freely. This increases the risk of developing heart disease and stroke.
- Your LDL cholesterol level should be 2.0 mmol/L or lower.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
- HDL cholesterol is known as the "good cholesterol." HDL cholesterol helps clear LDL cholesterol away from blood vessel walls, decreasing the risk of developing heart disease and stroke.
Total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio
- Total cholesterol is the total amount of cholesterol in your blood. This includes LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. The total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio shows how high your HDL cholesterol (the “good” cholesterol) is, relative to your overall cholesterol levels.
- The ratio, which will be given in your cholesterol test results, is calculated by dividing your total cholesterol number by your HDL cholesterol number. A lower number is associated with a lower risk of heart disease.
- Your total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio should be below 4.0.