NDMS

FOR PEOPLE WITH DIABETES

REGULAR TESTS FOR PEOPLE WITH DIABETES

People with diabetes are at risk for many serious complications. Regular testing for these complications is very important. The following table lists the tests that you should be getting to ensure that your diabetes is well controlled, and that you are not developing complications. If you develop complications, early treatment is also very important. Be sure to ask your healthcare team about these tests and your results.

 

Test and intervals

Blood glucose

An A1C test should be done every 3 to 6 months (depending on how well your blood glucose is controlled)

Blood pressure

Blood pressure should be measured at every diabetes-related visit, and at least once a year.

Cholesterol

Cholesterol should be measured every 1 to 3 years.

Heart disease (cardiovascular disease)

Starting at age 40, people with diabetes should have a resting electrocardiogram (ECG) test done every 2 years. An ECG records the electrical activity of your heart while you are sitting or lying down.

People with diabetes may also need an exercise stress test. During this test, electrocardiogram readings are taken while you exercise (on a treadmill or stationary bicycle).

Tell your healthcare team if you notice any shortness of breath or chest pain or discomfort.

Nephropathy (kidney disease)

Annual random urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and an annual serum creatinine converted to an eGFR. These tests provide information on how well your kidneys are functioning.

Neuropathy (nerve damage)

Annual testing of the sensation in your feet using a 10-g monofilament

Foot problems

Annual physical examination of the feet for callouses, bone deformities, skin problems, and wounds that increase your risk of a serious foot problem that could lead to amputation.

Tell your healthcare team if you notice any changes in your feet.

Retinopathy (eye disease)

Dilated eye exam by a specialized eye healthcare professional every 1 to 2 years.

It is very important that your pupils are dilated for this exam. This test should be done by an ophthalmologist (medical doctor who specializes in eyes) or an optometrist.

Erectile dysfunction

Periodic sexual function history.

Tell your healthcare team if you are having any sexual problems.

Depression or anxiety

Periodic screening using a standardized questionnaire.

Tell your healthcare team if you are having any emotional problems. It is very difficult to care for yourself properly if you are depressed or anxious. There are excellent treatment for both depression and anxiety.

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